Targeting mGluR2/3 Signaling With LY341495 Restores Dentate Gyrus Function and Cognitive Performance in a Male Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

BACKGROUND: Aberrant metabotropic glutamate receptor 2/3 (mGluR2/3) signaling has been implicated in the synaptic and cognitive deficits observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of LY341495, a selective mGluR2/3 antagonist, in APP/PS1 transgenic mice, a widely used AD model. METHODS: Male APP/PS1 mice were treated with the selective mGluR2/3 antagonist LY341495. Cognitive performance was evaluated using behavioral tests. Hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) alterations were examined by immunohistochemistry and electrophysiology, including analyses of mGluR2/3 expression, excitatory synaptic activity, adult neurogenesis, calbindin expression, and amyloid-β plaque burden. RESULTS: APP/PS1 mice exhibited pathological upregulation of mGluR2/3 in the DG, accompanied by altered presynaptic glutamatergic transmission, reduced neurogenesis, decreased calbindin expression, and deficits in recognition and spatial memory. LY341495 treatment attenuated the aberrant mGluR2/3 upregulation, enhanced excitatory synaptic activity, and improved calbindin levels and neurogenesis in the DG. Importantly, these changes were associated with significant reductions in DG amyloid-β plaque burden and marked improvements in cognitive performance. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the novelty of linking mGluR2/3 inhibition to the restoration of calcium-buffering capacity, as reflected by calbindin expression and neurogenesis, processes critical for DG plasticity and resilience. These findings underscore the therapeutic potential of LY341495 as a novel intervention targeting mGluR2/3 signaling in AD.