Impact of dual sensory impairment on dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

UNLABELLED: Hearing and vision loss are considered independent modifiable risk factors for dementia; however, the impact of their dual impairment is not clear and is crucial for preventive strategies. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis until July 23, 2024, to assess the association of dual sensory impairment (DSI) and dementia. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using random-effects models. Heterogeneity was assessed through subgroup analysis and meta-regression. Population attributable fractions (PAFs) for DSI were calculated. We included 11 studies. DSI was associated with a 52% increased hazard of developing all-cause dementia. Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia subtypes showed larger HRs. Heterogeneity was only high for AD. Meta-regressions showed non-significant associations. Overall PAF for DSI was 2.77%. DSI significantly increases the risk of dementia among adults. Comprehensive sensory assessments and interventions targeting both hearing and vision impairments are essential for effective dementia prevention strategies. HIGHLIGHTS: Dual sensory impairment (hearing and vision) increases dementia risk by 52%.Population attributable fraction of dual sensory impairment for dementia is 2.77%.Sensory assessments are crucial for dementia prevention strategies.